Dieu Cay on solitary confinement, hunger strikes, and his fight for press freedom

Since being expelled from my country, I have met officials in the U.S. State Department and legislators including Senator Dick Durbin, as well as members of international non-governmental organizations such as the Committee to Protect Journalists, Amnesty International, and Freedom House. I have appeared internationally on radio and television to call for the release of my friends who are still in prison.

Most recently, on May 1, I met with President Obama. I told the president of my goal for freedom of the press in Vietnam, and called for his help in securing the release of all prisoners of conscience and the abolition of vague laws that Vietnam uses to deprive the Vietnamese of their freedom.

Many tactics have been used against dissidents. The most effective is stigmatization in state-owned media. I have been through 11 prisons and have seen the evils from within. We are held for long periods in solitary confinement, in cells with iron bars and metal roofs. During hot summer days it seems like those bars and roofs come close to melting from the heat. We were confined in small, narrow cells, 1.8m (6ft) wide and 2m long, with a 30cm long slot for air. Our toilets were inside the cells. To survive the stench, we used wet towels to cover our faces on hot days.

All the prisoner rights listed in Vietnam’s penal code, such as the right to educational and reading materials, to participate in cultural activities and sports, to vocational training, and to access information, are taken away by documents such as the Public Security Ministry’s Circular 37, laid down in 2011 to “categorize prisoners and detain them according to the categorizations.” Political prisoners, a separate “category,” are not entitled to the treatment legally accorded to common prisoners. And there is no reason for political prisoners to bother to protest. They cannot send complaints about conditions because their letters first go through review by the wardens. Submitting complaints results only in further abuse.

Prisoner rights denied

Circular 37 blatantly created a series of prisons within prisons, set aside for prisoners of conscience. It allows for us to be held in solitary confinement for months on end, without any contact. Many prisoners go on hunger strike to protest the conditions. I went on hunger strike twice: once for 28 days in 2011, while at prison B34, in Saigon [Ho Chi Minh City] and once for 33 days in 2013, while in the detention center of the Ministry of Public Security Number 6 in Thanh Chương, a rural district in the north central coastal region of Vietnam. I can assure you from personal experience that the most brutal modes of confinement exist in Vietnam.

Many other vaguely defined laws are used to take away the freedom of Vietnamese citizens. Among them are three particularly bad, overly broad articles in the penal code: Article 258, which jails people for “abusing democratic freedoms to infringe upon the interests of the state;” Articles 79 and 88 which, respectively, penalize anyone who carries “out activities aimed at overthrowing the people’s administration” or “conducting propaganda against the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.” The government regularly uses these laws to repress dissidents or anyone who dares to speak up and fight for human rights. Because the laws are so sweeping, it is almost impossible to defend against them.

I speak for the Free Journalists Club of Vietnam when I call on the international community to condemn these abuses and urge Vietnam to repeal these vague laws and release all political prisoners, including bloggers and other journalists. The Vietnamese government signed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1982. It must implement and guarantee those rights and not use its own laws to infringe upon the rights of its citizens, as it has done so far.

[Translated from Vietnamese by Huong Nguyen]