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Quê quán và Nơi sinh

Huy Đức

31-7-2022

Tôi không hiểu ý đồ của những người thiết kế hộ chiếu mới không có mục nơi sinh nên không có ý kiến. Nhưng, Bộ Công an nên thiết kế lại Căn cước Công dân (ID) cũng như Chứng Minh thư (CMT) để thay thế mục “Quê quán/Nguyên quán” thành “Nơi sinh”.

Quê quán, tất nhiên là rất quan trọng, xác lập “cội rễ” của một con người. Nhưng, quê quán ghi trong ID hay CMT hiện nay của ta chỉ là “quê cha”. Không phải ai sinh ra có quê cha cũng đồng thời là quê mẹ. Và, cho dù được sinh ra trên quê mẹ, ID hoặc CMT cũng chỉ thể hiện quê cha. Cứ thế, nếu một nhà nhiều đời có con trai nối dõi “quê quán” chỉ còn giá trị của 1/2, 1/4, 1/8… “dòng máu” mà thôi.

Cuối thập niên 1970s, rất nhiều người Việt gốc Hoa đã chịu áp lực phải rời bỏ Việt Nam vì CMT của họ vẫn ghi “quê quán: Quảng Đông hoặc Quảng Tây…”, dù họ chưa một lần về quê và từ thời ông cha đã không còn biết tiếng Quảng Đông hay Quan Thoại nữa. Phần lớn những “Nạn Kiều” này không vượt biên sang Trung Quốc và, về sau, khi “về” từ một nước thứ ba đã không tìm tới “quê cha đất tổ” mà về Việt Nam – nơi sinh và nơi ghi những dấu ấn tuổi thơ.

Nhu cầu “quê quán” là nhu cầu của các dòng họ, gia đình. Trên ID, CMT, nên ghi “nơi thường trú” và “nơi sinh” hoặc chỉ cần “nơi sinh” – những thông tin cần thiết cho nhu cầu quản lý. Trong hồ sơ cá nhân nên ghi thêm: nơi sinh của bố, nơi sinh của mẹ. Cứ thế, lần ngược lên từng đời là biết rõ tổ tiên của cả hai bên nội, ngoại.

Cách ghi “nguyên quán” chỉ là quê nội hiện nay vừa không bình đẳng nam – nữ, điều mà nhà nước đang kêu gọi, vừa không có ý nghĩa gì với “quản lý hành chánh về trật tự xã hội”. Vì, có những người tuy quê quán vẫn được ghi Thanh Hóa, Nghệ An… nhân thân của họ từ nhiều đời đã không còn liên quan gì với những vùng đất ấy.

Có những việc tưởng như rất nhỏ và thể hiện trong các thủ tục chỉ có vài từ nhưng ảnh hưởng của nó lên mỗi con người là rất lớn.

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