Nguồn: Route 66 decertified, highway signs removed, History.com
Biên dịch: Nguyễn Thị Kim Phụng
Vào ngày này năm 1985, sau 59 năm hoạt động, Đường cao tốc 66 (Route 66) mang tính biểu tượng đã chính thức đi vào lịch sử, khi Hiệp hội Quan chức Giao thông và Xa lộ Tiểu bang Mỹ huỷ bỏ chứng nhận của con đường, và bỏ phiếu để loại bỏ tất cả các biển báo của nó.
Từng dài đến 3220 km vào thời kỳ hoàng kim, Đường 66 trải dài từ Chicago, Illinois đến Santa Monica, California, đi qua tám tiểu bang nước Mỹ. Theo một bài báo đăng trên tờ New York Times về việc hủy bỏ chứng nhận, phần lớn Đường 66 đi xuyên qua vùng hoang dã, dọc theo tuyến đường do Trung úy Hải quân Edward Beale tạo ra vào năm 1857, khi ông dẫn đầu một đoàn du mục. Trong những năm sau đó, các toa xe ngựa và gia súc cuối cùng đã nhường chỗ cho xe tải và xe hơi chở khách.
Ý tưởng xây dựng đường cao tốc dọc theo tuyến đường này nổi lên ở Oklahoma vào giữa những năm 1920, như một cách để liên kết tiểu bang này với các thành phố như Chicago và Los Angeles. Ủy viên Đường cao tốc Cyrus S. Avery đã giới thiệu nó là một cách điều hướng giao thông từ Thành phố Kansas, Missouri và Denver. Năm 1926, con đường được chính thức đặt tên là Đường 66.
Đường 66 đã liên kết hàng trăm cộng đồng chủ yếu là nông thôn với các thành phố dọc theo tuyến đường của nó, cho phép nông dân vận chuyển và phân phối ngũ cốc cùng nhiều sản phẩm khác một cách dễ dàng hơn. Đường cao tốc này cũng là huyết mạch cho ngành vận tải đường dài, mà vào năm 1930 đang cạnh tranh với vận tải đường sắt để giành vị trí thống trị thị trường vận tải.
Đường 66 cũng là nơi diễn ra cuộc di cư ồ ạt về phía tây trong thập niên 1930, khi hơn 200.000 người đi từ vùng Dust Bowl nghèo khó chuyển đến California. John Steinbeck đã biến con đường cao tốc, mà ông gọi là “Đường Mẹ” (Mother Road), trở nên bất tử trong tiểu thuyết kinh điển “Chùm nho phẫn nộ” (The Grapes of Wrath) năm 1939.
This is my first full trip on Route 66 and I really enjoyed it! Besides the quirky things along the route, I wanted to see all the towns that were either on the route or were close. For Illinois, I was able to get to 59 of them along the way and only might have missed a couple that were part of St Louis because it was difficult to figure out where to go and it’s all basically St Louis anyways. The first part through Chicago was probably the least exciting but once I got to Joliet, it started being a lot more interesting. Great start to the trip!
This is my first full trip on Route 66 and I really enjoyed it! Besides the quirky things along the route, I wanted to see all the towns that were either on the route or were close. For Illinois, I was able to get to 59 of them along the way and only might have missed a couple that were part of St Louis because it was difficult to figure out where to go and it’s all basically St Louis anyways. The first part through Chicago was probably the least exciting but once I got to Joliet, it started being a lot more interesting. Great start to the trip!
Kể từ những năm 1950, việc xây dựng một hệ thống đường cao tốc liên bang khổng lồ đã khiến những con đường cũ ngày càng trở nên lỗi thời. Đến năm 1970, các đường cao tốc bốn làn xe hiện đại đã đi qua gần như tất cả các đoạn của Đường 66 tại Williams, Arizona, và một năm sau, con đường bị mất giấy chứng nhận. Theo Liên đoàn Đường 66 Lịch sử Quốc gia, các tài xế vẫn có thể sử dụng 85% các đoạn của Đường 66, và nó đã trở thành điểm đến của khách du lịch từ khắp nơi trên thế giới.
Thường được gọi là “Con đường chính của Mỹ” (Main Street of America), Đường 66 đã trở thành trụ cột của văn hóa đại chúng trong những năm qua, truyền cảm hứng cho một bài hát trùng tên (do Bobby Troup sáng tác vào năm 1947 và sau đó được thu âm bởi nhiều nghệ sĩ, từ Nat “King” Cole, Chuck Berry, đến The Rolling Stones) cũng như một bộ phim truyền hình thập niên 1960. Tuyến đường cao tốc lịch sử cũng đã xuất hiện trong bộ phim hoạt hình ăn khách “Cars” (2006).
What is Test-to-Test Reliability (TRT)?
Why is Test-to-Test Reliability important in assessment design?
How does Test-to-Test Reliability relate to Validity?
What are the common factors that affect TRT?
How can Test-to-Test Reliability be improved?
What are the limitations of relying solely on TRT?
How is TRT measured in educational assessments?
Can TRT be affected by changes in test content or format?
What role does TRT play in credentialing and licensing exams?
How does TRT impact the interpretation of test results for students?
Common TRT Questions Answered
Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) is a widely discussed topic among men dealing with low testosterone
levels. Below, we address some of the most common questions related to TRT to
provide clarity and understanding.
Table of Contents
1. Do you need HCG with TRT?
2. Do you cycle testosterone?
3. Do you need to take an aromatase inhibitor (AI)?
4. Is testosterone really safe?
5. Can you trial TRT?
6. How is TRT administered?
7. What are the risks associated with TRT?
8. Can TRT cause prostate cancer?
9. Is taking TRT like taking anabolic steroids?
10. What tests will be carried out before you start taking
TRT?
Do you need HCG with TRT?
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) is often used
in TRT to stimulate testosterone production from the testes, particularly in men who have hypothalamic hypogonadism or pituitary insufficiency.
While not always necessary, it can enhance effectiveness for certain individuals.
Do you cycle testosterone?
Cycling testosterone is less common in TRT compared to other forms of performance-enhancing drugs.
TRT typically involves continuous low-dose
administration to maintain stable testosterone levels, as frequent cycling can lead to adverse effects like acne and hair loss.
Do you need to take an aromatase inhibitor (AI)?
Aromatase inhibitors are sometimes prescribed for women undergoing TRT to manage estrogen-related
side effects. While beneficial, they may come with their
own set of risks, such as bone density loss and cardiovascular issues.
Is testosterone really safe?
Testosterone is generally safe when used under medical supervision. However, it carries risks
like cardiovascular complications, liver toxicity, and increased
risk of prostate cancer, especially with long-term use.
Can you trial TRT?
TRT trials are often conducted over a few weeks to assess individual responses before committing to longer-term therapy.
This period allows for monitoring side effects and adjusting dosages as needed.
How is TRT administered?
TRT can be administered via various methods, including oral tablets,
transdermal patches, and injections. The choice depends on individual needs, lifestyle,
and medical advice from a healthcare provider.
What are the risks associated with TRT?
Risks include acne, hair loss, mood swings, and cardiovascular issues.
Long-term use may also increase the risk of prostate cancer and
liver damage.
Can TRT cause prostate cancer?
There is an increased risk of prostate cancer with long-term TRT use, particularly in men who already have a higher risk due to family history
or age. Regular check-ups are crucial.
Is taking TRT like taking anabolic steroids?
While both TRT and anabolic steroids boost testosterone levels,
their purposes differ. TRT aims to restore normal
hormone levels, while anabolics enhance performance and are often abused.
What tests will be carried out before you start taking TRT?
Before starting TRT, blood tests for free testosterone, total testosterone,
and estradiol levels are typically performed to assess
hormone status and guide treatment decisions.
Evidence Based Research
Research supports the efficacy of TRT in addressing symptoms of
low testosterone, such as fatigue, weight gain, and libido changes.
Studies highlight its benefits for overall health and well-being.
Quick Low Testosterone Test
A simple blood test can quickly determine if your testosterone levels
are within the normal range. This test is often the first step in diagnosing hypogonadism.
Low Testosterone Levels
Low testosterone levels can lead to various symptoms, including
fatigue, mood swings, and sexual dysfunction. Identification through testing
is crucial for appropriate treatment.
Normal Testosterone Levels
Normal testosterone levels vary by age and gender.
Men typically have higher levels, ranging from 300-1000 ng/dL, while women’s levels are
usually half that or lower.
LOOKING GOOD!
Many experience improved appearance and energy with TRT
due to increased lean muscle mass, better skin health, and elevated libido.
These benefits contribute to a more confident and active lifestyle.
Further investigation needed
If symptoms persist despite treatment, further investigation into possible underlying conditions or medication adjustments may be necessary to achieve optimal results.
Low Testosterone Levels
Low testosterone can manifest in various ways, including physical and mental health
issues. Proper diagnosis is key to effective treatment.
High Testosterone Levels
High levels may indicate conditions like hyperthyroidism or
other hormonal imbalances. Regular monitoring is essential to ensure no underlying issues
are present.
About the Author: Mike Kocsis
Mike Kocsis is a specialized endocrinologist with extensive
experience in hormone replacement therapy.
He focuses on individualized treatment plans to address various hormonal imbalances effectively.
Share This Article
You can share this article via social media or email to help others understand the complexities of TRT and its role in managing
low testosterone levels.
Book a FREE consultation
Contact Balance My Hormones for a personalized consultation.
Their expertise can provide clarity on whether TRT is right
for you and offer tailored treatment options.
Company Resources
Explore the treatments, services, and expert team at Balance My Hormones to
learn more about their approach to hormonal health.
Legal
This information is provided for educational purposes
only. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any
treatment plan.
Customer Feedback
Read testimonials from satisfied patients who have experienced positive outcomes through Balance My Hormones’ treatments.
Do you have a hormone imbalance?
If you suspect an imbalance, contact Balance My Hormones to schedule a
consultation and get the answers you need for your
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However, Anavar is the more optimal steroid for chopping due to its lipolytic (fat-burning) results being extra outstanding. Some declare that Anavar doesn’t cause hair loss, because the 5-alpha reductase enzyme is not present, inflicting Anavar to own a low androgenic ranking of 25. German scientists created Turinabol with the intention of helping their nation turn out to be an Olympic superpower. Anabolic steroids have been made to deal with health illnesses and provides athletes a competitive benefit. If you aren’t in a aggressive sport you most likely don’t must take steroids.
If you’ve by no means used Anavar before, it’s beneficial that you just begin with a decrease dosage to assess your tolerance and response to the drug. A typical beginner’s dose is 30mg per day, taken for a period of 6-8 weeks. When it involves utilizing Anavar, males ought to approach the drug with caution as a result of its potential side effects. However, if used responsibly and according to recommended dosages, Anavar may be an efficient software for attaining specific health targets. Total, Anavar dosage for athletes should be rigorously considered and monitored to attain optimal results while minimizing the danger of potential unwanted effects. Seeking skilled steerage and utilizing Anavar responsibly might help athletes improve their performance and obtain their goals.
In this cycle pattern, the Anavar dose of 20 mg/day is maintained for 8 weeks. This dose is commonly adopted by individuals who have beforehand taken Anavar or other anabolic steroids. All The Time use Anavar under a doctor’s steerage, and by no means exceed the beneficial dosage. Frequently monitor your health, especially your liver operate and cholesterol levels.
Thus, when you take any medicine (or steroid), the true dose is greatly decreased on account of CYP3A4. Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4, enabling more of a substance to enter the bloodstream. Nonetheless, if a lady has suffered from liver damage earlier than or consumes large amounts of alcohol, then Anavar (and different steroids) should be prevented. Regular cardio or high-intensity interval coaching may be carried out, which can assist to lower blood pressure, while assisting in burning more fat.
On the draw back for Masteron, it dries out the joints and might trigger joint ache, whereas Anavar can be joint supportive to a level. You’ll also want to contemplate the time of day – some folks discover sleep issues develop with Anavar29, so the greatest way to minimize impacts on your sleep is to take Anavar within the morning. Older adults may be at greater danger for prostate/liver problems and swelling of arms/legs whereas using this drug. Inform your doctor when you turn into bed-ridden (unable to walk) for a prolonged time while utilizing this medicine.
A descriptive examine of opposed occasions from clenbuterol misuse and abuse for weight reduction and bodybuilding. (17) Malhotra, A., Poon, E., Tse, W. Y., Pringle, P. J., Hindmarsh, P. C., & Brook, C. G. The results of oxandrolone on the expansion hormone and gonadal axes in boys with constitutional delay of growth and puberty. If a person’s body fats share seems to have elevated on Anavar they usually haven’t been overeating, then the active substance could additionally be Dianabol. We have discovered that valerian root dietary supplements could also be efficient for mild insomnia, lowering the time taken to go to sleep and the standard of sleep (36, 37).
Alcohol has a unfavorable impact on cortisol levels (35); thus, fat-burning might turn into inhibited. Furthermore, cortisol is a catabolic hormone, that means heavy alcohol consumption might scale back muscle mass. For maximum outcomes, customers should decrease alcohol consumption throughout a cycle. Nevertheless, low quantities of alcohol are unlikely to have an effect on a user’s outcomes significantly. When treating the scalp externally, there is no interference with the body’s total DHT manufacturing. This is a positive for bodybuilders, as they need to maintain enough DHT levels, with the hormone binding to androgen receptors up to 5 times more successfully than testosterone.
If you experience nausea whereas taking Anavar, you will want to talk to your physician. They may find a way to prescribe a unique medication that does not cause this aspect impact. Furthermore, animal studies have advised that Anavar may help to extend the manufacturing of pink blood cells, which transport oxygen to the muscle tissue and might contribute to increased stamina. In addition, Anavar helps to extend protein synthesis, which is the process that helps muscles to develop bigger and stronger. Osteoporosis is another condition the place Anavar has demonstrated therapeutic value. By increasing bone mineral density, Anavar strengthens the skeletal structure and reduces the risk of fractures, particularly in populations vulnerable to bone loss corresponding to postmenopausal women.
This is often potential and not using a prescription, although a Thai physician also can concern a prescription in change for a small payment. Fat loss is critical on Anavar, with research displaying a average dose of 20 mg per day leading to four kilos of fats loss over the course of 12 weeks (4). However, anecdotally, we’ve noticed further reductions in fats mass in our weightlifting patients. Anavar possesses many useful health advantages when it’s taking during coaching cycles. Not Like many other steroids, Anavar doesn’t turn into hormones ones it has entered the body. This outcomes into Anavar barely having any unwanted effects, and if, than very delicate. Anavar’s producers will always label it for use as directed by your physician; however, most individuals using it don’t verify into the physician’s workplace.
I can relate to the slight lack of vitality and darkend urine and a slight little bit of joint pain but aside from that no real problems. For the male athlete in his bulking season the Oxandrolone hormone is mostly reasoned to be a poor choice as it is not well-suited for giant buildups in mass. Make no mistake; it can build lean tissue just to not any vital degree. For bodybuilders, there could be the will to look match without exposing themselves to well being implications and other risks like severe treatment side effects. This naturally evokes the search for a more practical various to synthetic steroids.
Subsequently, novices don’t sometimes cycle Winstrol, as it could cause excessive ranges of hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. This mixture of testosterone and Deca Durabolin is the least poisonous bulking stack in our expertise. Intermediate users will commonly administer this stack once their physique comfortably tolerates testosterone-only cycles. D-Bal is an optimum compound for those eager to add notable muscle mass, with out shutting down their testosterone manufacturing. Consequently, water retention and gynecomastia are potential unwanted effects.
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